在能源越來越緊張,環保要求越來越高的形勢下,沼氣利用對豐富和完善能源結構,緩解能源供需不平衡,提高可再生資源利用率,減少不可再生能源消耗,避免廢棄物造成環境污染,降低工業、農牧業、養殖業生成成本,提升副產品利用價值有切實的意義。因此,沼氣技術發展需要注意以下幾點:
Under the situation of increasing energy shortage and environmental protection requirements, biogas utilization can enrich and improve the energy structure, alleviate the imbalance between energy supply and demand, improve the utilization rate of renewable resources, reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy, avoid environmental pollution caused by waste, and reduce the production costs of industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture. It is of practical significance to upgrade the utilization value of by-products. Therefore, the development of biogas technology needs to pay attention to the following points:
(1)對多原料高濃度聯合發酵技術研究,保證產氣原料充足,提高裝置產氣率。沼氣工程向集中化、大型化的方向發展,提高工程經濟性和能源效率;
(1) Research on multi-material and high-concentration combined fermentation technology to ensure sufficient raw materials for gas production and improve the gas production rate of the plant. The biogas project is developing towards centralization and large-scale, so as to improve the engineering economy and energy efficiency.
(2)完善可再生能源激勵政策,針對沼氣工程的能量多層次利用和物質循環利用,既產生節能減排的公益性又帶來環境效益,政府應加大財政補貼和扶持力度,給予一些優惠政策,鼓勵發展;
(2) To improve the incentive policy of renewable energy, in view of the multi-level utilization of energy and material recycling of biogas projects, which not only produces the public benefits of energy conservation and emission reduction, but also brings environmental benefits, the government should increase financial subsidies and support, and give some preferential policies to encourage development;
(3)沼氣綜合利用技術開發,開展沼氣提純技術,可使沼氣注入天然氣網用做燃料,或代替汽油、柴油用于車輛,實現沼氣利用高端化,提高能源效益。
(3) The development of comprehensive utilization technology of biogas and the development of biogas purification technology will enable biogas to be injected into natural gas network as fuel or used in vehicles instead of gasoline and diesel, so as to realize high-end utilization of biogas and improve energy efficiency.
(4)沼氣發電和用于燃料電池,是有效利用沼氣資源的新途徑,具有很大的發展潛力;
(4) Biogas power generation and fuel cell are new ways to effectively utilize biogas resources, which have great potential for development.
(5)加強沼氣工程新技術和新設備研發,提高效率,降低工程成本。尤其是適合偏遠地區和孤島等地綜合利用的小型沼氣利用技術開發;
(5) Strengthen the research and development of new technologies and equipment for biogas engineering, improve efficiency and reduce project costs. Especially suitable for remote areas and isolated islands and other areas of comprehensive utilization of small-scale methane utilization technology development;
(6)完善和合理規劃養殖與種植產業布局,實現資源綜合平衡利用,減少輸送成本,提高效益。
(6) Improve and rationally plan the distribution of aquaculture and planting industries, achieve comprehensive and balanced utilization of resources, reduce transportation costs and improve efficiency.
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